Bayani Game Da Matsalar Saurin Balaga (Precocious Puberty)

Precocious puberty wani yanayi ne na tangarɗar halitta da ke haddasa gaggawar bayyanar alamomin balaga tsakanin ƙananan yara mata kamin su cika shekara 8 da haihuwa, ko kuma ƙananan yara maza tun kamin su cika shekara 9 da haihuwa.

A ƙa'idar likitanci bayyanar wasu daga cikin alamomi ko dukkan alamomin balaga ga yarinya mace da ta wuce shekaru 8 ko kuma yaro namiji da ya wuce shekaru 9 ba matsalar precocious puberty ba ne, duk dacewa hakan ya saɓawa abin da muka saba gani na al'ada. Ana ɗaukar akwai matsalar precocious puberty ne kawai idan yarinya ko yaro ba su kai shekarun da muka ambata ba.

Idan yarinya ta wuce shekaru 8 sannan ta fara balaga kamin ta cimma shekaru 11, ko yaro ya wuce shekaru 9 sannan ya fara balaga kamin ya kai shekaru 14 wannan ana kiransa da "Early Puberty", ma'ana yaran sun balaga da wuri, amma ba'a kiran sa precocious puberty.

Toh sai dai wannan matsalar ta saurin balaga ko kuma precocious puberty an fi ganin ta a cikin ƙananan yara mata, duba da irin yanayin halittar su, su ne ke kusan bayyana alamomin balaga ƙarara a zahiri fiye da rukunin maza.

Alamomin balaga da ƙananan yara mata masu wannan matsalar ta saurin balaga ko precocious puberty ke nunawa, sun haɗa da bayyanar ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan alamomin balaga da zamu ambata kamin yarinya ta cika shekaru 8 a duniya.

1. Fara yin jinin haila 
2. Fara bayyanar girman nonuwa a ƙirji
3. Fara bayyanar kurajen pimples
4. Fara bayyanar gashin hamatta
5. Fara bayyanar gashin gaba

Su kuma ɓangaren yara maza alamomin da yara maza masu matsalar saurin balaga ke fara nunawa su ne, yaro ya fara nuna waɗannan alamomin balaga kamin ya kai shekaru 9 a duniya.

1. Bayyanar girman jakar ƴaƴan maraina yaro (scrotum)
2. Bayyanar gashin mara (Pubic hair)
3. Girman azzakari kamar na babba
4. Bayyanar gashin hamatta da na fuska
5. Fara fitar da maniyyi a bacci  ko a zahiri 

Yadda Saurin Balaga Ke Faruwa 

Matsalar saurin balaga tana faruwa ne sakamakon gaggawar yawaitar sinadaran hormones da ke kula da balaga da ayyukan jima'in ɗan Adam (sex hormones) a cikin jinin yara tun kamin lokacin da ya dace hakan ya faru.

Sinadaran hormones masu wannan aikin a jikin mata su ne sinadaran estrogen da progesterone, a jikin maza kuwa su ne sinadaran testosterone da sauran dangin sa kamar dihydrotestosterone. Yawaitar waɗannan sinadaran a jikin ƙananan yara ya kan sa su fara balaga nan take ba tare da la'akari da shekaru ba. 

Duk hanyar da ke samar da waɗannan sinadaran dayawa tana iya sanya yaro saurin balaga, saboda waɗannan sinadaran su ke da alhakin sarrafa halittar ɗan Adam daga ta yarinta zuwa halittar manya.

Yadda ake balaga shi ne, a lokacin da mutum ya kai mizanin balaga, ƙwaƙwalwarsa ta ƙosa da kyau, wani sashen ƙwaƙwalwa da ake kira da hypothalamus zai yi umurni ga jakar pituitary domin ta fara samar da wadatattun sinadaran hormones na FSH da LH. 

Waɗannan sinadaran hormones na FSH da LH su kuma za suyi umurni zuwa ga al'aura ta samar da wadatattun sex hormones (estrogen da progesterone a mata, testosterone a maza) waɗanda su ne za su sanya mutum balaga ta hanyar sauya masa halitta.

Mafi yawancin saurin balaga yana faruwa ne sakamakon tangarɗar aikin wannan halitta a ƙwaƙwalwa da ake kira jakar pituitary (pituitary glands) wanda yana ƙunshe da rassa kimanin shida a ɓangaren sa na gaba.

Waɗannan rassan shida ko wannen su da abin da yake samar wa, kama daga samar da sinadaran da ke taimakawa wajen jima'i, narkar da abinci, tace jini, girman jiki, ƙwarin ƙashi, ɗaukar ciki, girman nonuwa, zubar ruwan nono, fitsari, naƙuda, jinin haila, samuwar maniyyi da sauransu, duk jakar pituitary ke kula da waɗannan a cikin ƙwaƙwalwa, shi yasa masana ilimin kimiyya ke masa laƙabi da "master gland" saboda shi ke sarrafa sauran ƙananan glands a jikin mutum.

Saurin balaga wanda ya samo asali daga ƙwaƙwalwa sakamakon tangarɗa a aikin jakar pituitary ana masa laƙabi da central precocious puberty. Toh amma ba matsalar jakar pituitary kawai ke kawo saurin balaga na precocious puberty ba.

Sauran hanyoyin da kan iya kawo yawaitar sinadaran da muka ambata a jikin ƙananan yara suna iya kawo saurin balaga irin wanda ake kira peripheral precious puberty.

Shi kuma early puberty watau balaga da wuri wanda bai kai matsalar precocious puberty ba kamar yadda muka yi bayani a sama, akwai abubuwa da yawa da kan iya kawo shi ga yara, ciki har da gado. Muhimman abubuwan da ke kawo balaga da wuri waɗanda basu da alaƙa da precocious puberty su ne:

• Hutun rayuwa da shagwaɓa yara da duk abin da su ke nema, ko da basu buƙatar abin.
• Yawan cin abinci mai kyau da gina jiki ba tare da ana wani aikin motsa jini ba ko atisaye (exercise)
• Yawan ciye-ciyen abincin zamani na maƙulashe  watau, junks foods; irinsu pizza, samosa, burger, doughnut da dai sauran abubuwan kayan maƙulashe da maiƙo ba tare da ana komi na motsa jiki yadda za'a ƙona su ba. 
• Haka kuma yaran da ake yawan basu abincin waken suya suna ci kullum-kullum saboda tasirin pyoestrogen da yake ƙunshe a cikin waken suya.

In mun lura zamu ga cewa, balaga da wuri (early puberty) mafi yawanci yana da alaƙa da yawan cin abinci, hutu, ƙiba, jindaɗi da kuma rashin motsa jini, wannan shi yasa yaran masu kuɗi sun fi yaran talakawa balaga da wuri.

A wannan zamani da ake yunwa wasu yaran talakawa ma sukan iya samun jinkirin balaga (delayed puberty) saboda basu samun wadataccen abincin da jikin su zai ƙirƙiri waɗannan sinadarai na sex hormones.

Haka kuma mutane su lura, ba duk kowane yaro da ke samun abubuwan da muka ambata na hutu, ƙiba, rashin motsa jiki ke balaga da wuri ba, akwai bambancin halitta, kuma influence na halittar mutum (Genetic factors) ko yaushe shi ne kan gaba da na muhallin da yaro ya samu kansa (Environmental factors).

Yadda Lafiyayyin Yara Mata Ke Balaga

Abin da aka saba gani shi ne, fara bayyanar tasowar nonowa tsakanin shekaru 11 da haihuwa, da kuma soma jinin haila tsakanin shekara 12 zuwa 14 a mafiyawancin yara mata, inda kaɗan ke kai wa 15 zuwa 16 kafin fara haila.

Duk yarinyar da ta kai shekaru 16 idan har nono ya fara bayyana a ƙirjin ta ba tare da ta fara ganin haila ba, hakan na nuna akwai matsala, ko kuma yarinya ta kai har shekaru 15 babu bayyanar nono babu kuma haila, wannan ma kwai matsala, ana kiran wannan matsalar jinkirin balaga, ma'ana, delayed puberty.

Amma ganin yarinya da nonuwa tun daga shekaru 11 wannan duk ba'a tunanin wata matsalar lafiya, sai dai ace ya fito da wuri, watakila sakamakon abubuwan da muka ambata a sama. 

Wasu mata ma nonuwan na jinkirin tasawa har sai sun rufe shekara 20 alhalin sun fara haila, suna da gashi a jikinsu amma ƙirjin ne kawai kamar an jera ƙwai wannan ma babu abun damuwa galibi.

Illolin Saurin Balaga Na Precocious Puberty 

Idan alamomin saurin balaga na precocious puberty su ka fara bayyana, toh manyan mahimman matsalolin lafiya da ke faruwa su ne; 

Irin waɗannan yaran (Mace ko Namiji) ƙasusuwansu zasuyi saurin kammala tsawon su tun kafin lokaci yayi, sannan kuma su haɗe da juna, wanda hakan ke nuna yaran ba za suyi tsayi ba kamar sauran mafi yawan mutane. Matuƙar ba'a kai musu ɗauki ba, basa wuce tsayin ƙafa huɗu da ďan wani abu.

Haka zalika irin waɗannan yaran kan iya fuskantar ciwo na ruhi saboda damuwa, musamman wasu in ba iyaye sun tsaya musu a tsaye ba yan uwansu yara zasu ta tsokanarsu ko yi musu wasan banza. Ko kuma wasu azzalumai manya suna iya ɓata su.

Abin da Ya Kamata Ayiwa Yara Masu Matsalar Saurin Balaga 

Da farko dai idan an lura da haka, ya dace dukkan iyaye da manya a gida su fahimci cewa wannan tangarɗa ce, a taimaka a sami lokaci a kai yaran a babban asibiti su ga likitan yara. Liikitan yara zai yi aiki hannu da hannu da likitan sinadaran jiki (Endocrinologist) wanda dukkanin su ana iya samun su ne a manyan asibitoci wato a specialist hospitals, FMC, ko Teaching Hospitals.

Ka da iyaye su jahilci wannan al'amari a kai ga gangancin cewa za'a cire wa yarinya nonuwa ko za'a nemo wani mai maganin hausa ko wanzami ya tsaga su a zare. Wannan ta'addanci ne babba da kuma gurgunta rayuwar yarinya.

Mutane ku sani wajibi ne kan kowa ba sai ma'aikacin lafiya ba in kunji ana shirin yiwa irin waɗannan yara aika-aika ku tsawatar in kun ga da gaske iyayen sun ƙi ɗaukar shawara don Allah a sanar da jami'an tsaro ko hukuma mafi kusa.

Ka da a tsaya bai wa yarin wasu jiƙe-jiƙe ko magungunan shafawa a nonon, hakan baida wani tasiri sam.

Idan an zo asibiti likitoci za su bada maganin da zai daƙile ci gaban bayyanar sauran alamomin balagar, tare da ba da maganin da zai hana ƙasusuwa saurin haɗiye wa da juna domin su cimma tsayin su kamar na sauran mutane.

A sanya ido a kan abokan wasa tare da waɗannan yaran domin tseratar dasu daga tsokana ko cin zarafin mutanen banza a cikin al'umma, domin idan aka sake wani ya sadu dasu, zasu iya daukar ciki kai tsaye. Saboda haka a lura.